Batteries

Batteries are necessary for work of flashlights, anti-theft fobs, etc. Their service life is limited, and they are to be periodically replaced. Having a set of these products in the car, you are always ready to quickly replace the depleted ones.

Operation principle

The metal case of the products has a positive (anode) and negative (cathode) electrodes, as well as electrolyte. Due to a chemical reaction involving the latter, the material of one of the electrodes is oxidized and electrons are released. They create an electric current, by moving from one pole of the battery to the other due to the potential difference between the poles. Gradually, the material of the electrodes is destroyed, and the battery becomes useless.

What are the types of batteries

By material of their components:

• Zinc-carbon. Anode is made of inactive carbon and manganese dioxide, cathode - of zinc, electrolyte - of ammonium chloride. This type is characterized by a low price, have a short service life, and are suitable only for those devices which don’t undergo heavy loads.
• Alkaline. The active component of the anode is powdered zinc (in some cases indium- or aluminum-doped), of the cathode - manganese dioxide. Potassium hydroxide densed with polymeric compounds is used as electrolyte. This battery type is of high capacity and its service life is longer than that of the zinc-carbon ones.
• Lithium. The anode contains lithium, the cathode - manganese dioxide, copper oxide, iodine, ferrous disulfide or others. Electrolyte consists of organic compounds. Such batteries are light, work long, and are characterized by resistance to temperature changes.
• Silver. Anode is made of powdered zinc, cathode – of silver oxides, electrolyte – of potassium or sodium hydroxides. These are powerful devices with long service life. Their disadvantage is a high price.

Batteries differ from one another also in shape and size. They can be made as cylinders, rectangular blocks, or discs. The cylinder models are divided into 5 types according to the diameter and height measured in mm.:

• АААА (8.3 × 42.5);
• AAA (10.5 × 44.5);
• AA (14.5 × 50.5);
• C or Baby (26.2 × 50);
• D or Mono (34.2 × 61.5).

The devices made as a rectangular block have the following parameters: 48.5 × 26.5 × 17.5 mm (height, length, width, respectively) and are called 9-volt. Their terminals are located on the same side. The disc-shaped items can be of different sizes. Diameter of the widest-spread ones varies between 4.8 and 24 mm, and thickness can be from 1.3 to 6.2 mm.

Tips on batteries use

1. Choose batteries recommended by the manufacturer of the device where they are to be used. Install them in accordance with the polarity specified. If you need to replace the battery in the car key, then apply to specialists.
2. Don’t use devices with the damaged body. Dispose of the used elements according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
3. Protect batteries from overheating and freezing because it will negatively affect their service life. Store them in a childproof place.
4. Don’t combine batteries of different types or brands.

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